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- 030.60.2 Multimedia
- by Larry Masinter <masinter@parc.xerox.com>
-
- What's multimedia? For me, "Multimedia" is an adjective; it implies only that
- human-sensible information is being transmitted (the "media") via the use of
- more than simple text (the "multi"). That it crosses application areas
- engenders confusion among those who try to bound the set of multimedia
- applications. Much of the current growth of multimedia computing is a
- byproduct of changes in consumer electronics. The transition of ordinary
- consumer and office information devices and services (telephones, copiers,
- cameras, television) from analog to digital is happening because those devices
- can be made with better quality, features, and lower cost. These developments
- shaped the technologies available for multimedia computing today, in support of
- audio, document imaging, color and video. In particular, interest in
- multimedia computing is fueled by the availability of low-cost hardware for
- aquisition, compression, decompression and reproduction of page images (with
- scanners, binary image compression using "Group 4" compression, and page-size
- displays or image-capable printers), color (slide scanners, video frame
- grabbers, and electronic cameras; JPEG compression, and color displays and
- printers), sound (these days, most workstations and PCs either have built-in
- sound capabilties or low-cost add-on boards are available), and full-motion
- video. The activities in networking and communication center in two areas:
- real-time or interactive communication in multimedia applications, and
- transmission, storage and retrieval of static multimedia documents; call these
- "telnet" and "ftp". For the "telnet" applications, the goal is to develop the
- underlying infrastructure to support communication with real-time requirements.
- At the transport layer, the conflicts between the telecommunications and
- packet-network views of communications seem to be resolving in the ATM
- standardization community. For more conventional internet activities, we'll
- watch the development of extensions to X and other windowing protocols for
- dealing with multimedia data, communication protocols for not-quite-real-time
- network video and the like. For "ftp" applications, the focus is on is
- standardizing the interchange formats and transmission mechanisms for
- multimedia documents across the network. Thus, the IETF NetFax group is
- pushing ahead with a profile for TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) format as the
- standard for page images (fax or scanned), while the Internet Extensions Task
- Force has been laying the groundwork for describing and encoding mail
- containing audio, image or formatted text, possibly in multiple parts.
- In other areas, we'll watch for development of interchange standards for
- particular kinds of multimedia applications; for example, "MHEG" (the
- Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group) is developing an interchange standards
- for "synchronized multimedia and time dependent hypermedia structures",
- scheduled to reach initial draft stage some time in 1993. Another group is
- working on an international standard for AudioVisual Interactive 'scriptware'
- (AVI).
-
- Xerox Palo Alto Research Facility
-